1????????

????????????､????????????????????????,?????????????????????,????????????,???????､??????????,???????????,????????,??????????????????????????(LAS)?????,???,??????,??????,?????????????????????????(AES)､??????(SAS)､?-?????(AOS)､?-?????????(MES)､???????????(AEC),?????????､???????????

1.1SAS,AOS,AES

?3?????????????????,?????,??????､??､??????????SAS,AOS??､???(130????),????????,????????????????AES???????????????3EOAES???????????????,????､??????､????

1.2MES,AEC

??????????MES???????,?????LAS?1/3,????????????AEC????,????,??????,????????1??????????span style="font-family:??;">???,?????????????,????????????????

1.3???､?????????

???AES?????????????,??????LS????????,???????????????,???????????????????????;????????????Promios EMCP,PromoisEFLS,???????､?????

2????????

???????????,???????????????,???????????????????????????,?????????????,???????,???????????????????､???????????????????????,?????????????????,?????????????????????????????????,???0.1%?0.2%?????????,???????????,???????､??????;????????????(DHTDMAC)?????,?????????,????????､??????,??????????????????20??90???????､?????????????????????:???､??????????､?????????????????

2.1???

??????????C_12?14??????､????????????????(????),?????????????????????????,????????????????,?????????,??????????

?Me₂N(CH₂)₃N(CH₂CH₂OH)₂????1?1??????????????????,????????､?????????????????????????????????????????????

2.2???????

?????????????????????????,???????????????､??､????????????????,??????????????,??????????????

??,?????????????????,????:

???DHTDMAC,??????????,??????CHT R Breitlich Gmbh???????????????????Tubimgal B,???????,?????????,???????????????

3????????

????????????????,????????????????????????,????､??､???????????????????????,????????;????3???:????????(OP??)､??????????(S??),?????????????(T??)????????O､???O-15????????????(TX-10)??????,????????????,????,???????????,???????????????,????????????????????????????,???????(?????(APG)､???(SE)?????,?????????､??､?????????????

3.1APG

APG?????????????????,???????????????????

??????????,????????????????30mN/m?40mN/m,?APG?????????30mN/m,???????????,???,??????TX-10､???O､??-20???-60,??????????????????????????????????????????

APG??????????,?????????,?????????､????????????????????C₁₂?₁₆APG1.25%､??????1.25%???97.5%?????30min???,????,?150?????30s,???､???????50%?

APG???????1?3?1?10,??????????????????????,1.7??8?C_8?22????1?APG??,???????????,???????APG????????,????????????????6%?94%APG?6%?94%?????､6%?94%????????(?????)､??????????????,???????????,???????????､??????????????????

3.2????

??????Ninoil6501, Ninoil 6502????:

RCON(C_nH_nOH)₂,n=2?3

????????????,????????5%?10%,?????????,?AES-Na????????????????????????????????,40d??????????3kV(3kV???????????????),?????,??????????,????????､??､??､??????????

3.3???(SE)

?????1?18?HLB?,?????????????????????????,0.10%?????????????33mN/m?34mN/m,??????????､?????????;0.10%???????????????????,?????????????????;?????,????????????????､??????､??､?-??????????????????,???????????????;??､??､??????????,???????????,?????????